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Across Europe, countless cathedrals stand as testaments to faith, history, and stunning artistry. From contemporary creations to centuries-old sanctuaries, we present some of the most remarkable ones recommended by knowledgeable travelers.

A Modernist Delight in the Norwegian Arctic

Often called the Arctic Cathedral, the Tromsøysund parish church in northern Norway is a remarkable specimen of modernist design. Its clean, graceful facade reflects the nearby landscape and echoes traditional Sami dwellings. Within, visitors can discover what are arguably the most cozy church benches anyone could hope to sit on. One breathtaking glass mosaic depicting Christ's Second Coming might not appeal to everyone, but it radiates a profound sense of majesty. Leaving the impressive building after an musical performance to see the aurora borealis dancing in the sky is an awe-inspiring experience.

Serene Views and Historic Graves in the French Riviera

For a long time, I didn't grasp what people find in old churches. The Monastère Notre Dame de Cimiez was different.

Its grounds bursting with blooms and plants provide a spectacular panorama over the city. The cemetery there holds the resting place of artist Matisse, but it is the tiny sanctuary that truly captures the spirit of a church. While it cannot rival grander establishments, that is exactly the point. It has quietly soaked up generations of faith. Being there evoked a sensation beyond mere calm or serenity; it was a profound understanding of the solace such spaces can provide.

Cupolas and Round Churches in Northern Italy

Nestled within a maze of piazzas and narrow alleys, Brescia's Baroque Duomo Nuovo is a prime example of Italian ecclesiastical architecture, boasting exquisite stonework and massive domes. Yet, the true highlight of the complex is the Old Cathedral, completed in the 12th century. This medieval round church, including an underground vault, is brimming with history and character. Collectively, Brescia's two main churches act as a perfect snapshot of Italy's architectural evolution.

A Glass and Concrete Masterpiece in the German Ruhr

South of the city of Essen in the municipality of Neviges rises one of the planet's most breathtaking cathedrals. Maria, Königin des Friedens, or Mariendom, is a mid-century masterpiece constructed between 1966 and 1968. Asymmetric balconies of concrete and stunning coloured windows create a soaring, luminous space of welcome that defies easy labels as "brutalist". Furthermore, the appeal of this tourist-free location is the close-by 8-mile Wuppertaler Schwebebahn, an incredible feat of engineering.

Mountain Views from a Swiss Gothic Landmark

Situated prominently overlooking the city, the cathedral commands sweeping vistas stretching from the picturesque old town all the way to the lake and the distant Alps. Admission to the cathedral is complimentary, and for a modest charge, you can ascend the spire. Beyond its remarkable medieval structure and breathtaking panoramas, this 12th-century edifice hosts a varied schedule of no-cost performances, exhibits, and events, solidifying its role as a popular cultural hub in Switzerland's most vibrant cultural centre.

A Chapel of Peace Built by WWII Detainees

A visit to the Italian Chapel in the Orkney Islands is a humbling experience with the skill and devotion of its builders. During the Second World War, following a plea from the camp priest, artist Chiocchetti and his fellow prisoners transformed a pair of military huts into a place of worship. Using leftover materials of metal, wood, and paint, they fashioned a beautiful space full of love and peace during a time of war—an uplifting place to visit many years later.

Writhing Stone Figures of Rodez, France

This pink sandstone cathedral of Notre-Dame in the town of Rodez dominates the skyline for kilometres around. Set high up overlooking the River Aveyron, this immense, fortress-like medieval wonder has survived centuries of history's tumult. Inside is a gasp-inducing chamber of arched roofs and soaring pillars, all framing a massive organ. The elaborately decorated seats and ledges are polished smooth by ages. The true gaze, though, is frequently drawn to the hypnotic leer of the hundreds of writhing grotesques that appear to burst out of the outside walls. They seem less sculpted and more fossilised, like ancient protectors of this striking church.

Mysterious Beauty in an Oxfordshire Field

St Oswald's in Widford sits in a remote field, accessible only by a rough footpath. Parking on a adjacent grass verge, visitors walk to a building that looks more like a farm building from a far away. The building is primarily from the 1200s, but inside, evidence of an earlier Saxon or early Norman church can be seen. Excavations have revealed ancient Roman tiles and partially uncovered 14th-century wall paintings. Box pews from the 1700s remain in situ. The resulting atmosphere is one of haunting, beautiful, and potent stillness.

A Stunning Paint Job in Arbanasi, Bulgaria

The village, close to Veliko Tarnovo, is home to one of the most visually overwhelming churches one could imagine. From the outside, the Church of the Nativity is rather plain—a feature perhaps intended to not attract attention during the Ottoman rule. The inside, however, is a different story entirely. Virtually every surface is covered in luminous religious icons and biblical scenes. The effect is truly breathtaking and all-encompassing.

Winning Tip: Stained Glass Masterpieces in the English Countryside

All Saints Church in Tudeley, founded in the 12th century, is structurally rather simple. Its remarkable feature, however, is its stained glass. All twelve were designed by the celebrated painter Chagall. The project began in 1963 with a commissioned piece dedicated to a local couple's child. The artist was so taken with the site that he decided to create the remaining windows, a work completed in 1985. The glasswork feature a dazzling spectrum of blue hues. Being surrounded by this cascade of colour in a serene environment is a profoundly calming sensation. Entry to this unique place is free.